States determine targets for the number of beneficiaries in the district. Eligible beneficiaries based on the housing deprivation list and PMAY-G priority list can register themselves with implementing agencies. Once their eligibility has been verified, a house is sanctioned and the entire amount is deposited in instalments in the bank account of beneficiaries. Figure 1 shows indicators at the aggregate level for Pune district from the scheme’s beginning (FY 2016-17) till the end of the FY 2021-22.

Figure 1: Overview of Beneficiaries from FY 2016-17 till the end of FY 2021-22

• Registrations for the period were slightly more compared to the number of targets, likely indicating that people outside the list of eligible beneficiaries were also registered, or the possibility of duplication.
• There is a gap of 2635 between the number of targets and sanctioned houses.
• Out of the total number of beneficiaries whose houses were sanctioned, bank accounts could not be verified for 170 persons. Therefore, they could not benefit from the scheme. 
• Out of the total number of beneficiaries for whom bank accounts were verified, 6 beneficiaries are yet to receive their first instalments.

Targets are set each year by the Centre at the central level and for states as well. States set district level targets based on the housing deprivation list and priority list. These lists are then used to select beneficiaries who can register themselves. Once their eligibility has been verified and benefits are sanctioned, they can begin receiving PMAY-G scheme benefits.
Figure 2 shows the number of registrations and sanctioned beneficiaries during the last five years. 

Figure 2: Number of beneficiaries and registrations

• Figure 2 shows that targets and registrations widely fluctuated with differences between the two as well. Targets declined in 2018-19 and then increased substantially. Registrations show even wider fluctuations. 
• During the five-year period (2017-2022), targets were missed in four years except 2017-18. 
• In 2017-18, the registration numbers were 2.8 times more than targets while in 2019-20 and 2020-21, registrations were merely 14% and 12% of targets respectively. Registrations could have exceeded targets because beneficiaries who missed registering in previous years completed registrations in subsequent years.

Of the total number of sanctioned houses for which instalments have been initiated, not all houses have been completed for various reasons. Figure 3 shows the number of completed houses out of the total number of houses sanctioned in a particular year. 

Figure 3: Completed and Incomplete Houses

• The above graphs show that for 2017-18 and 2018-19, the completion rate was around 87%, a rate which started declining in the last three years. Some houses sanctioned in the last two- three years are likely to be in the process of construction. Therefore, for these years, the degree of completion may be known only after a year or two.
• Data was collected at the end of August 2022 by which time the 12-month building period for houses sanctioned in 2019-20 was complete. However, the completion rate was 51% which indicates that several houses took longer than the 12-month period specified by scheme guidelines.

Districts receive funds according to targets, unit assistance and utilisation. Given the nature of expenditure, one house can be built over more than one financial year. Figure 4 shows the yearly as well as cumulative availability and expenditure under the scheme from 2017-2022. 

Figure 4: Cumulative Funds Available and Expenditure (Rs Crore)

• Funds for the scheme are allocated based on the target number of houses to be built at a unit cost of Rs 1.2 lakh. Hence, allocations are made according to the number of target houses envisaged by the scheme in a particular year.
• The amount is disbursed in four instalments depending on the stage of the house being built.
• While the duration for building a house is supposed to be 12 months according to scheme guidelines, there can be delays too. Also, the construction period and payment of instalments can be spread over more than one financial year. As a result, funds allocated in each year and their utilisation during the year are not strictly comparable. However, the utilisation over time shows a declining trend. 
• The gap between allocation and utilisation has been consistently high, except for 2017-18, when the utilisation exceeded allocation.

In Pune district, the entire amount is paid in four instalments of Rs. 15000, Rs 45000, Rs 40000 and Rs 20000 respectively.
According to scheme guidelines, once beneficiaries are approved and houses are sanctioned, the first instalment should be paid within 15 days. Figure 5 shows the number of registrations and first instalments paid during the last five years.

Figure 5: Number of Registrations vs First Instalments

• The number of first instalments paid in 2017-18 and 2021-22 was lower than the number of registrations. However, between 2018-19 and 2020-21, the number of first instalments paid was much higher than the number of registrations. This indicates that beneficiaries who were not paid in 2017-18 were paid in subsequent years, implying that there has been a delay beyond stipulated guidelines in the payment of first instalments.  
• The total amount for a house construction (Rs. 1.2 lakh) is to be paid in four instalments with subsequent instalments being processed on completion of a predefined stage of house construction. 
• Due to instalments for some houses being paid in different financial years, it is difficult to ascertain the exact pattern of how subsequent instalments are paid.

House ownership is reported under three categories – men, women and joint. Figure 6 shows the distribution of houses under these categories.

Figure 6: Gender-wise distribution of sanctioned vs completed houses  

• In the five-year period (2017-2022), 14% of sanctioned houses were owned by men, 15% were owned by women while the remaining 71% were jointly owned.

Figure 7 shows different rates of house completion. 

Figure 7: Rate of House Completion for Different Categories of House Owners (Percent)

• The completion rates for all three categories were more or less at a similar level.
• The lower level of completion in the last two years likely indicates that many houses may still be in the process of construction.

Given the importance of the scheme in providing a safe and liveable house for a large number of people, information about the scheme should be available and easily accessible. 

The following table lists various aspects of required data and whether such data is publicly available. Data points and information on PMAY-G are available on the scheme MIS which can be accessed at: https://rhreporting.nic.in/netiay/newreport.aspx (Data accessed on 30^h August, 2022).

 Transparency and Accountability Index for PMAY in Gajapati

Availability of Information and Comprehensiveness

• Information on allocated funds
  • Yes
• Information on received funds
  • Yes
• Information on funds available
  • Yes
• Information on funds utilized
  • Yes
• Information on funds for different components
  • Yes

Accessibility

• Language of availability of information
  • English
• Compatibility on devices
  • Phone, tablet, laptop

Timeliness

• How frequently are data updated
  • Real-Time

Relevance

• Relevance of data
  • Relevant for monitoring purposes.

Reliability

• Reliability of data
  • Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India audit reports are not available on the PMAY-G website. Therefore, authenticating the data with the MIS and matching evidence on the ground is essential.

Accountability and Citizen’s Participation

• Social Audit schedules
  • No
• Availability of social audit reports
  • No
• Participation of beneficiaries in Gram Sabhas
  • No
• Availability of information on Grievance Redressal Mechanism for beneficiaries
  • Contact details for lodging complaints are listed on the website for every state. Details about the number of complaints, status and action taken are available.